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…well as empirical
studies on the impact of FYS and HIPs on desired student outcomes. Specifically, we used
Astin’s (1984) theory of involvement, Kuh’s (2001, 2009) engagement perspectives, and
Tinto’s (1975, 1987, 1993) theory of college student departure, which have been widely used
to deepen FYS research (Friedman, 2012; Schnell & Doetkott, 2002-2003).…
https://www.wichita.edu/services/studentsuccess/first_year_seminar/FYSsuccess.pdf